Analysis Of Donald Trump And The Election - 1422 Words

Journalism Assignment 4 Due to the never ending media of Donald Trump and the election we know how important jobs were going to be once he was elected. Trump’s want for jobs to be brought back to America and bringing firms back onto the United States soil rather than overseas has so far not seen a negative side in the first three months of his presidency in 2017. In March over 98,000 jobs were created among the private sectors, this number is much lower compared to the 219,000 jobs in February and 216,000 jobs created in January. With that being said the nations employment number did not significantly increase in March because 30,000 jobs were lost on the retail side, which is most likely due to seasonal unemployment. Over the past three†¦show more content†¦The labor force participation rate is simply the percentage of the working-age population that is is the labor force, this rate is found by dividing the labor force number by working-age population and then multip lying it by 100 for a nice rounded number. The employment-population ratio is the percentage of the working-age population that is employed, that ratio is found by taking the number of employment and dividing it by the working-age population. While both the labor force participation rate and the employment population ratio can seem very similar one is simply how many people can work in the working-age and how many are actually working. Labor force participation rate is how many could be potentially working and the employment population ratio is the number of people in that are actually working. The overall trend found in the labor force participation rate is simply not changing meaning that the same number of people in the labor force is increasing but so is the working-age population preventing anything to change as the number simply rise and fall together or do not change at all. The main issue facing the United States labor market in 2017 has to do with retail sales as these firms are struggling with store front versus online shopping options. The BLS report states, â€Å"Retail trade lost 30,000 jobs in March† (BLS Report 2), by these firmsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Donald Trump s Presidential Election2224 Words   |  9 Pagesfor the outsiders in this upcoming presidential election. The presidential candidates, Donald J. Trump and Bernie Sanders, are known as the â€Å"outsiders† of the election but, are gaining so much support and acceptance. Sanders is a highly Liberal candidate who wishes for many free social systems for the United states while Trump is a conservative business man who wishes to â€Å"Make America Great Again† (â€Å"About Donald†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). The people that are voting for Trump are not going to back down any time soon or changeRead MoreAnalysis Of Donald Trump s Presidential Election1978 Words   |  8 Page s Donald Trump successfully won the 2016 presidential race by showing that he was anti-establishment. Anti-establishment is exactly what it sounds like; it is anything against the current establishment, or in this case, governmental system. The idea of being anti-establishment is not new; Jimmy Carter claimed to be anti-establishment to gain popularity in his presidential race. Carter s term, however, proved that he was not anti-establishment. In the 2016 Presidential Election, Donald Trump usedRead MoreAnalysis Of Donald Trump s Presidential Election1242 Words   |  5 Pagesparty’s official nominee the general election race begins. However, if there is a presumptive nominee before their convention they will usually begin their general campaign. Becoming an official nominee is a very big process and takes months, even years. For example, Donald Trump’s process to becoming the Republican nominee began about twenty months before the election. It began in March 2015 when he formed an exploratory committee. Then, in June 2015, Trump announced his candidacy for presidentRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Donald Trump s Election Of The United States Essay2185 Words   |  9 PagesIn November 2016, Donald Trump was elected president of the United States. With a campaign centered around otherization and nationalism, the atmosphere of this election, as well as the attitudes of the citizens of the country, bears similarities to 1930s Nazi Germany. While it may initially seem far-fetched to compare Donald Trump s election to Adolf Hitler s rise to power, both campaigns utilize nationalistic, racist sentiment and a fear of the foreign other to gain power within the countryRead MoreAnalysis Of Donald Trump Won The 2016 U.s. President s Election1450 Words   |  6 PagesAs Donald Trump won the 2016 U.S. president’s election in November, many people were surprised by this outcome since it is totally opposite to the most mainstream media’s pre dictions. Connecting to another impressive news happened in British few months ago that British citizens vote to exit the European Union successfully, the major news media there foretell this event correctly while opposite claims are still remarkable. For example, according to Fortune’s report, it is unbelievable that most mainstreamRead MoreDonald Trump The University Of Maryland s Government And Politics Department Essay1413 Words   |  6 Pagesunexpected and controversial election of Donald Trump the University of Maryland’s Government and Politics department hosted a panel to help staff and students understand how this happened. Additionally the panel hosts each spoke of what will happen to our government in terms of foreign and domestic policy. Each panel host had a different perspective on the matter and it made to be a very interesting discussion filled with a diverse set of opinions on how Donald Trump got elected and what it all meansRead MoreThe Media And N ews Platforms Blew Up Over The Controversial Action By Green Party Leader, Jill Steins1680 Words   |  7 Pagessocial media and news platforms blew up over the controversial action by Green Party leader, Jill Steins, call for a recount. Donald Trump’s win over the elections surprised many, including those outside of the United States of America, making this controversial headline such a hot topic. Following this topic of discussion, the three news adjacencies that will be under analysis are CTV, CNN and the Ottawa Citizen. CNN will deliver a United States focus, CTV will deliver a broader focus and the OttawaRead MorePresidential Elections : The Presidential Election1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe 2016 Presidential Election has been one of the most bewildering experiences of my lifetime, but also, possibly the most telling event of where the average American voter’s values lie and the extent of our social progression. Personally, I, like many political scientists, educated scholars, politicians, celebrity figures, stand-up comics, preteens on twitter, optimists, and the entirely of the modern liberal media, truly believed Hillary Clinton would become our 45th, and 1st woman, presidentRead MoreDonald Trump Has A Rough Month Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesDonald Trump has certainly had a rough month. Between his poor debate performances on September 26th and October 9th ( and Pence s inability to provide a decisive win on October 4th s Vice Presidential Debate), videos of him bragging about sexual assault and predicting he will be dating a young girl in 10 years, and Hillary Clinton s poll numbers rising despite new WikiLeaks reports coming out against her, Trump can t seem to catch a break. Despite the fact that some polls (see Rasmussen ReportsRead More2016 Election Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pages2016 Election: A tale of stranger politics After concluding the 2016 election, the United States is still digesting the results of what seems to be the strangest upset in American politics. The prior contest between former U.S Secretary of State Hillary R Clinton and business magnate/reality tv star Donald J Trump for the position as chief executive has leaked skepticism in the world of United States politics. The aftermath of 2016 is relevant in modern society and is continuing to be further analyzed

Analysis of Workplace Behaviour Sociology Free Essays

Many issues in the line of employment relations are contentious and most likely to provoke strong opinions and debate. Through the years, the concept of workplace behaviour has become increasingly important as the Australian workplace is constantly changing and evolving. However the issues of equal employment initiatives, still remains a common problem in the work environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Workplace Behaviour: Sociology or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the most controversial issues occurring in today’s society is gender discrimination. Women are becoming very significant in the workplace, as more and more women are participating and part taking in to all types of work. Yet, regardless of these factors, women, especially working mothers, have no place in the workforce. In recent Australian papers, the topic of pregnancy discrimination has spiralled as Virgin Blue Airlines, an industry leader in supporting mothers, is involved in a discrimination case against two of their female employees (The Sydney Morning herald, 2011). The case involves the issue of discrimination and harassment, as both of the workers were being treated unfairly due to the fact they were pregnant. Gender discrimination can be related to Emile Durkheim’s idea that societies are built on ‘social facts’, he suggested that these ‘social facts’ are aspects of social life that shape our actions as individuals, and influence the way we think, feel and act (Clegg and Dunkerley, pp. 23). It is a human right, not a privilege, for a woman to work while she is pregnant. Our society is developed around a social structure that creates barriers for women that continues to disadvantage them in the workforce. In this situation, the needs of men are treated as the norm and women are ignored (Moyle, 2002). As such, men are seen as in a position of power, where women are limited by their choices yet we accept this framework as the logical truth. â€Å"More than half of the airline’s workforce was female †¦We are one of the only companies in Australia with 50 per cent female representation in our executive team† (The Herald Sun, 2011). Even though there is an increasing amount of women participating in the workforce, they are not treated with the same benefits and respect as males. In 2001, the Human Rights Commission (2002) received 85% of complaints under the Sex Discrimination Act, 30 % of that were on the base of pregnancy discrimination. Increasing women part taking in the workforce has been considered by many, as an opportunity of women’s liberation, as well as a sign of breaking down the barriers of inequality. However this mpression of liberation is limited. The assumption that women can have it all is slowing leaning to a yes but due to the current workplace and societal attitudes, women are limited to the opportunities offered unlike men. Women are restricted by the change in their workforce behaviour and the unsuccessful attempts to change the perspective of gender roles at home (Moyle, 2002). Equality cannot be reached while women are still limited, restricted and disadvantaged in the labour mark et just because they can bear children. In times of pregnancy, there are still various employers who believe that women are not efficient and do not work as productively, while pregnant. In a number of cases many pregnant women were either demoted or fired, and in some cases they were denied of training or further promotional opportunities (Moyle, 2002). For instance, â€Å"Both of the women positions were made redundant as they confirmed they were pregnant or returning from maternity leave, despite the fact that the model employer was advertising and recruiting for the same position† (The Sydney Morning herald, 2011). The perception of the functionalist theory connects to Durkheim’s ideas of ‘social facts’, it views society as a system of interrelated parts that works together in order to maintains stability and the survival of humanity (Krieken et al. 2006, pp. 3). The approach believes, gender differences contribute to preserving the social stability of society, that women and men should perform tasks that are expected for them (Giddens et al. 2009, p. 306). Because of this people are categorize into groups based on gender, race, education or class. The affects of taking on a particular status in society requires both positive and negative behaviours. Each group is accompanied by a number of norms which define how people are perceived and expected to act (Krieken et al. 2006, pp. 3). In organizational behaviour theory, perception is defined as the way in which people perceive, view, and understand others and the surroundings around them (Patil, S, 2008, pp. 3). Perception severely impacts on the attitudes employees have of others and themselves, as well as the decisions they make within an organization (Patil, S, 2008, pp. 3). An example of this is, according to The Sydney Morning herald (2011) an employee of Virgin Blue suggested that â€Å"All females should be on contracts so that when they get pregnant it is easy for the company to get rid of them. † This perception reinforces the message that women are not welcome in the workplace and they don’t belong, indicating that a woman only suitable place is at home. Women, who are able to have children, should view pregnancy as a privilege, being able to give birth, able to give life, rather than something they are penalised for and discriminated against. The greatest concern is the amount of women accepting this sort of discrimination. It has been reported that there is a trend over the past years of more women working and fewer women choosing to have a family or limiting the number of children they have, because of the conditions of the workforce (Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, 1999 pp. 1). It appears that they allow this sort of inequality because they believe discrimination is a part of life, that pregnancy is a personal choice. This clearly indicates that the perception of society and social impact, highly affects the way women view the subject. We cannot ignore the fact that workplace discrimination and harassment in relation to pregnancy still remains a true concern for many women in our society. Regardless of status, industry, or level of education, or in the characteristics of age, race or religion, for many women they will always be placed at a disadvantage because of the social facts and perceptions of society (Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, 1999, pp. 7). However, attitudes towards the ‘working women’ are gradually changing. The relationship between an employer and employee is one of mutual rights and obligation, as more and more employers are addressing and acknowledging the importance of the inequality issue, we step in to an economy of transition. How to cite Analysis of Workplace Behaviour: Sociology, Papers

Marketing for Australasian Management - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theMarketingfor Australasian Leisure Management. Answer: Introduction: Gold's Gym has been operating 1965. At that time Joe Gold, the fitness legend gained expertise and fitness knowledge from 'muscle beach' that was world famous at that time and opened this gym in Venice, California. More or less 3 million members workout in this gym comes from 38 States as well as 22 countries throughout the world. Latest equipment of cardio, as well as strength training, are there in this gym and most dynamic programs of group exercise like yoga, Zumba, group cycling, muscle endurance training material arts are there to retain the interest of the existing customers as well as new customers. Advanced equipment as well as joint motivating programs along with the supportive environment in the gym interim are keys to the wellbeing of people that pushes the customers to pay more for the gym. 63% obese people are the target audience of the gym. The gym follows a well-scheduled strategy to hold the target market. The gym has well-developed strategies on price, product and p romotion. Customer Profiling: 63% Australian people are obese or overweight, and so the target market of Gold Gym is the is over for overweight Australians Fitness Enhancement's Franchise Target Market - Fitness Enhancement. (2017). More specifically, Gold Gym's target audience is middle to upper-class f 35 to 50 years ?aged people, who have not enough time for the gym and so avoid this sector. Traditional gyms avoid this group but as the Gold Gym in successfully operating their business in Gold Coast, Miranda, Sydney and Melbourne, franchise opportunities Australia wide. The advertising plan of this team makes it visible to normal pt (personal training) clients who can afford a personal trainer on a long-term basis. Both females and males are the target clients of the gym. They have specific special training courses for males as well as female clients. The gym targets children because overweight or obese kids have been increasing rapidly over the previous 30 years. The gym offers free short personal training sessions for children members. Marketing Mix Tools, Strategies and Decisions Used by Gold Gym: Products: People are willing to pay more for their well-being and as the gym offer 24*7 hours fitness training. The gym has well-certified trainers, and the gym offers separate trainers for separate clients so that the trainer can be the complete fitness guide of a client. To help all the clients, a wide range of new and advanced cardiovascular and strength-training equipment are there in the gym, for which the rate of membership in the gym is a bit high. The gym has boxing studio, Pilates, aerobics classes, yoga, hot yoga, power yoga et cetera, on which the pricing depends on the gym Golds Gym (2017). The gym also has a swimming pool, locker rooms and steam room and so the gym sets the price on the basis of all the compact arrangements. There is a Pro Shop in Gold's Gym that sells supplements, protein bars, drinks, gym clothes and accessories, nutritional products. The clean, spacious, fully equipped, comfortable and secure environment of this gym enable the members to better perform in this gym and dance drive customer satisfaction. Price: Special discounts are often given by the Gold's Gym to new customers for engaging their attention and summary best for the first month is provided to them. The gym offers debate on annual basis fees of membership. The pricing strategy depends on the type of clients, as the fees of athletes are more than the fees for regular clients as huge formal training is needed for the athletes. Perceived value policy of pricing is followed by this gym as the client are willing to pay more for such well-equipped gym where the fitness facilities are the keys to their well-being. Place: Gold's Gym voice operated in California at the initial stage, and then it was spread to the United States and then the network was spread to many parts throughout the world. A franchise system was operated by the Gold's Gym and the head quarter of this gym was at Dellas, Texas Sweaney, (2014). The largest gym for bodybuilding and physique was the Golds Gym for the presence of this gym in seven areas till 2011. Two countries throughout the world, as well as 37 states in United States, are the places where the Gold's Gym is being operated. In Australia, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Russia, United Kingdom, Germany, Egypt, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, Costa Rica and India the Golds Gym is operated (Why Golds Gym, 2017). Promotion: The logo of the company is designed by Rik Drasin in 1973. Some famous personalities are the members of the gold gym, and the famous personalities have served the promotional ads of this gym over the years. It was the strategic partner of American Diabetes Association in 2006. This gym for the education and awareness of diabetes has raised 2.5 million dollars. Influence of Macro and Micro Environment on the Marketing Strategy of Gold's Gym: Micro: In Australia, maximum adults are overweight and more than that, the attitude and lifestyle of people are changing. This change creates a larger market for the gym. Newest equipment in the gym is offered to continue the marketing with competitors in a competitive atmosphere. Companies of Calorie-counting-meal have become substitutes of the gym Sweaney (2014). Equinox, free play athlete training, snap fitness, 24hours fitness, 1st class training, anytime fitness and snap fitness are the rival fitness companies of this gym. Supplements that are bought by the gym make them attractive to the clients. Macro Advanced equipment in this gym allows the members to watch TV, listen to music, see heart rate, connect with other members, surf net and other things along with exercise. Social media has influenced to create health consciousness among people Bertozzi, (2016). Changes in taxes have to be adopted by the gym. Regulations have to be followed by the gym regarding health injury claim as said by Bhasin (2017). 0.5% people create an opportunity for the gym. Technology, social media, the economic condition of people and political condition like tax rate defines the macro environment of the company. The Contribution of Gold Gym's Marketing Strategy on Brand Strength and Brand Value: If the offerings of a brand are not useful to the aftermath, then the value of the brand decreases as said by Benton (2017). The brands are needed to be continually renewed in order to get hold their position in the competition market over some years. A brand can do this by means of product innovation as well as changing the operational way to be more in touch with the customers. The pricing strategies such as providing discounts to the new customers as well as to the existing customers for long term membership allows the gym to get customers and retain the interest of new customers to be there on a long term basis. Gold's Gym offers discounts at the first stage and cut down prices of the fees of customers in the first month. Children are offered discounts and much more. Best price initiative at the first stage helps in enhancing the loyalty of customers. The company does this as an attempt to increase brand loyalty. The more the clients of the gym can recognise, remember the brand, the chances are they will come to this particular gym I'm going to maintain fitness anywhere. A supportive environment is provided by this gym to retain the existing customers, and the benefits of their well certified personal trainers help in retaining the existing customers with their advanced training. The arrangement of well-certified personal trainers and their assistance is of great help for the gym to get trusts of the customers as said by Sprague Reynolds (1983).The store of the gym that sells supplements dresses and other accessories helps the customers to get the necessary things the gym, and it becomes helpful for the gym to raise the profit bar. Advanced equipment used in the gym 24 hours fitness training allows the gym to get the loyalty of the customers and from there the brand loyalty comes. The advertisement of the gym is designed to reach the niche market. The strategy development of advanced equipment, certified trainers and supportive environment along with various programs help the customers to understand what they are paying for and so they are no less willing to pay a little more, and this creates the brand image of the Gold's Gym. Conclusion: The websites and other communication ways of the gym help to get the loyalty of customers and as that authority can contact the customers and can take their feedbacks on a regular basis. The development of strategies creates the brand image and brand loyalty of the Gold's Gym. The customers in this gym get well-developed products and a supportive environment where certified trainers help in advanced training and so the customers are willing to pay a little more. The price strategy helps the gym to attract the customers at the initial stage, and then their product development strategy helps in retaining the existing clients. References: Sprague, K. Reynolds, B., 1983.The Gold's gym book of bodybuilding. McGraw-Hill/Contemporary. Benton, N. (2017). A new type of leisure hub.Australasian Leisure Management, (121), 42. Bertozzi, C. (2016). Emotional connections.Australasian Leisure Management, (119), 30. Sweaney, K. (2014). Fitness challenges.Australasian Leisure Management, (104), 50. Bhasin, H. (2017).Marketing Mix Of Golds Gym - Golds Gym Marketing Mix.Marketing91. Retrieved 10 May 2017, from https://www.marketing91.com/marketing-mix-golds-gym/ Why Golds Gym. (2017).Gold's Gym. Retrieved 10 May 2017, from https://www.goldsgym.com/why-golds-gym/ Fitness Enhancement's Franchise Target Market - Fitness Enhancement. (2017).Fitness Enhancement. Retrieved 11 May 2017, from https://www.fitnessenhancement.com/blog/fitness-enhancements-franchise-target-market/ Confusion surrounds franchising operations of Gold's Gym in Australia - Australasian Leisure Management. (2017).Ausleisure.com.au. Retrieved 9 May 2017, from https://www.ausleisure.com.au/news/confusion-surrounds-franchising-operations-of-golds-gym-in-australia/ What Is the Target Market for Fitness Gyms?. (2017).Smallbusiness.chron.com. Retrieved 10 May 2017, from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/target-market-fitness-gyms-3354.html Macro Micro analysis of the private gym market sector. (2017).lifestyle gyms. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://lifestylegyms.wordpress.com/2014/10/10/macro-micro-analysis-of-the-private-gym-market-sector/ Home. (2017).Gold's Gym. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://www.goldsgym.com/ Golds Gym (2017). Gold Coast Gym, 8 May 2017, from https://www.jetts.com.au/gyms/gold-coast

Women in the Ibo Society Essay Example For Students

Women in the Ibo Society Essay In Things Fall Apart, the Ibo women were perceived as being weak. They received little or no respect in the Ibo society and were harshly abused. Perhaps, tradition and religion established their role in this type of society. In the story, Okonkwo had three wives. He mandated them around as though they were animals. They never questioned what they were told and were required to be loyal. The reader sees this at the beginning of the story, when Okonkwo brings the young man into his home. Okonkwo tells his first wife that Ikemefuna belongs to the family and she is presumed to look after him like a son. We will write a custom essay on Women in the Ibo Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Ekwefi questioned her husband about Ikemefuna’s stay. Okonkwo went into a rage and then questions her. â€Å"Do what you are told woman. When did you become one of the ndichie of Umuofia (Achebe 14)? † This example illustrates that the Ibo women did not receive respect. One more way to look at the respect towards woman was the comparison to that of weak man. Okonkwo hated anything feeble or fragile. His classification of his clan and the members of his family show that in this type of society anything strong was linked to man and anything weak to woman. His motivation towards success was his father’s eaknesses. He could never be a loafer and be so woman-like. Because Nwoye reminds Okonkwo of his father, he feels that Nwoye is womanly, especially after his conversion to Christianity. Okonkwo thought about, he was a flaming fire. How then could he have begotten a son like Nwoye, degenerate and effeminate? (Achebe 153). Rodriguez 2 Another aspect of Ibo women was the treatment they received. They were very familiar with the harsh treatment that were enforced by their husbands. Okonkwo beat his youngest wife one day because she was not in time to fix his dinner. Despite that his other two wives try to reason with him, Okonkwo kept going until he was pleased. The only sanction that he was charged with was not the beating of his wife but beating someone during the Week of Peace. Another example of a beating took place when Okonkwo’s second wife killed the banana tree. Viewing the Ibo society, one can see that women were not respected and allowed wife beating. Despite the lack of respect and so on, women had significant roles in the Ibo society. The women painted the houses for those that were disguised spirits. They taught nd read to the children, expanding their education. Possibly, the first wife received some kind of respect because certain ceremonies can not go on unless she is present. The most important role of an Ibo woman is that of a mother. She is occupied with the maintenance of the home, nurturing her children, being a teacher, and has many other tasks. In my opinion, the treatment of the Ibo woman can be that of an Arab or Muslim woman. They both are in a polygamy relationship and are oppressed in their society. In Things Fall Apart, the reader clearly sees that women receive no respect. They are terribly mistreated, and viewed as weak or feeble. One important event was the exile of Okonkwo to his motherland. His uncle explained the significance of Okonkwo’s exile to Mbanta. A man belongs to his fatherland when things are good and life is sweet. But when there is sorrow and bitterness he finds refuge in his motherland (Achebe 134). A man has both happiness and grief in his life and when he is in remorse his mother is there to protect and comfort him. In my opinion, these women were nurturers above all and they were anything but weak.

The big Question essays

The big Question essays Its the question, Neo. Its the question that drives us. Its the question that brought you here. You know the question, just as I did. What is reality? How do we know that what we are experiencing really is real, rather than an artificial construct? And in fact everything we experience ultimately is a construct, it is a construct of our brains, a way the brain makes and interprets electrochemical neural signals from the senses, and the mind interprets the brains interpretation. One would be hard pressed to find a philosopher nowadays who accepted the naive realism model of reality; that the reality in our heads really is an accurate image or reflection of the Reality out there? This is a question pondered by the philosopher and dualist Descartes, who asked how do we know there is not an evil deceiver fooling us into believing what we experience is real. Descartes true answer, is that one has to doubt everything but ones own existence, and ones own ability to think; cogito ergo sum (I think therefore I am.). Opposing Descartes is a man by the name of David Hume who declares, that as humans we can only make inferences based on our experiences of the past. We should doubt whatever it is we know and that reason and rational judgments are merely habitual associations of distinct impressions or The two viewpoints brought to the table, it makes the movie, The Matrix, more that just flashy eye candy, but a pathway on how to live life. The Matrix shows us a different outlook on life and what it possibly could be. Neo (a character in the movie) receives a dose of the unbelievable and is given the choice to explore what reality really is. He of course has to adapt to this state of mind and decide what he believes. He is constantly asked if the things he used to love really are what he...

Dung Beetles and Tumblebugs, Subfamily Scarabaeinae

Dung Beetles and Tumblebugs, Subfamily Scarabaeinae Where would we be without dung beetles? We’d likely be buried hip deep in poop, that’s where. Dung beetles do the dirty work in our world by breaking down, burying, and consuming animal waste. True dung beetles and tumblebugs belong to the subfamily Scarabaeinae (sometimes called Coprinae). Description: The subfamily Scarabaeinae is a large insect group, so there’s quite a bit of variety in the size, color, and shape of dung beetles. Most dung beetles and tumblebugs are black, but a few more flamboyant species come in brilliant shades of green or gold. Dung beetles vary in size from about 5mm to 30mm long. Just below the frons (forehead), the dung beetle’s exoskeleton forms a rounded shield-like structure called a clypeus, which covers the mouthparts. Some male dung beetles possess impressive horns, which they use as weapons to fend off other male competitors. Even a novice observer can recognize a dung beetle by its behavior. As if by magic, dung beetles appear on fresh dung piles, and quickly begin tearing the patty apart. A single pile of elephant scat attracted 16,000 dung beetles, with 4,000 scatophiles already at work in the first 15 minutes after the poo was deposited on the ground. If you want to see a dung beetle, find yourself a fresh cow patty to observe. Dung beetles play important roles in the ecosystems in which they live. Gardeners would pay good money to have someone work manure into their soil, but dung beetles provide that service for free. As they roll their balls of poo away, they disperse seeds that passed through the digestive tract of the herbivore and wound up in its scat. Dung beetles and tumblebugs recycle nutrients and help plants thrive. And don’t forget, all those piles of poop attract other, nuisance insects, like filth flies. When dung beetles clean up quickly, they prevent many disease-carrying pests from breeding. Classification: Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass - InsectaOrder - ColeopteraFamily - ScarabaeidaeSubfamily - Scarabaeinae Diet: Dung beetles feed primarily on dung, especially of herbivorous mammals, although some beetles in this group feed on carrion, fungi, or even rotting fruit. Dung beetle adults typically derive their nutrition from the liquid component of excrement, and can filter out any solid particles as they ingest it. As the dung dries out, it becomes less palatable to the beetles and they will search for a fresher source of food. Parent dung beetles provision their young with dung balls, so the developing offspring have a ready source of food when they emerge from their eggs. Dung beetle larvae can digest the drier, fiber-rich part of the dung, and use chewing mouthparts to consume it. Life Cycle: Like all beetles, dung beetles undergo a complete metamorphosis with four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The mother dung beetle deposits her eggs in dung balls, which the parents skillfully bury or roll into underground tunnels. Each egg is placed in its own chamber, and will hatch within a couple of weeks. In general, dung beetle larvae will feed for about 3 months, molting through three instars before pupating inside their dung chambers. The adult will emerge from its brood mass in 1-4 weeks, and then dig its way to the soil surface. Special Behaviors: The dung beetle makes its living on piles of poop, but that doesn’t mean it’s an easy life. That scat is a veritable free-for-all of dung beetles trying to grab the nicest hunk and run. A sneaky dung beetle might lie in wait for a more ambitious beetle to do the work of rolling a nice, neat dung ball, and then dash in and steal it. It’s in the dung beetle’s best interest to retreat quickly with its poo prize, and that means it needs to roll the ball in a straight path. Should the beetle inadvertently push its dung ball in a curve, it risks winding up back in the melee, where a beetle bully can cause trouble. It’s no easy task to roll a ball of poo in a straight line, especially when you do so by pushing it from behind with your back legs, and your head down. Researchers studying dung beetles in Africa have recently shown that the beetles look to the heavens for navigational clues. The sun, moon, and even the gradual gradient of light that we call the Milky Way can help the dung beetle maintain a straight line. And each time a dung beetle encounters an obstacle – a rock, a depression in the soil, or perhaps a clump of grass – it climbs atop its dung ball, and does a little orientation dance until it figures out which way to go. Range and Distribution: Dung beetles are both abundant and diverse, with roughly 6,000 species in over 250 genera known so far. Dung beetles live on every continent except Antarctica. Sources: Ecology and Evolution of Dung Beetles, edited by Leigh W. Simmons and T. James Ridsdill-Smith.Borror and DeLong’s Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson.Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd edition, edited by Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde.Insects: Their Natural History and Diversity, by Stephen A. Marshall.Scarabaeinae Overview, Generic Guide to New World Scarab Beetles website. Accessed May 8, 2013.

The Benefits of Single Parenting vs Two Parents Essay

The Benefits of Single Parenting vs Two Parents - Essay Example The parents tend to bring their ego in petty matters and argue with each other. This makes the environment in the family not only uncomfortable for the child but also for the parents. A single parent does not have to go through all this. He/she is independent in his/her decisions and there is no one to challenge them. â€Å"When I call out, "Bedtime," there's no one to say, "Aw, let them stay up another half hour."† (Mohler, 2011). Accordingly, the parent enjoys complete right over the child. Stronger Bond with the Child A child’s bond with a single parent is usually stronger than it usually is with either of the two parents when he/she has both. Single parents are often the role models for their children. Children grow up imitating the attitudes, activities and ideology of the single parent. â€Å"A single parent is also more readily available to observe changes in the child's behavior and attitudes, as well as getting to know the peer group the child chooses to surro und her/him† (Squidoo, 2011). Having both parents, children tend to be careless towards their parents. They know if the mother scolds, they can side with the father and when the father is outrageous, they can seek refuge in the mother’s lap. But having a single parent means no escape whatever the parent says or does. There is nobody the child can look up to for any kind of help but the single parent. Over the time, such a bonding between the single parent and the child proves very beneficial for the parent. Many children escort their old parents to the old houses when they grow up and get married themselves. Children think that the couple would take care of each other’s needs. But a child would think a thousand times before doing this to a single parent considering he/she has been the child’s only guardian all life long and must be taken special care of now that he/she is old. The life-long struggle of the single parent pays off in the end in a vast majori ty of the cases while the opposite is true for the dual parents. Development of Solid Child Identity Single parenting develops a solid identity in the child. Single parent is like an open book. The child reads the book and does accordingly. Children who grow up under the supervision of dual parents have the tendency to become confused because of the conflicting views, beliefs and opinions of the two parents. Let’s take a case for example in which the two parents belong to different religions. The father is a Christian and the mother is a Hindu. The father goes to the Church while the mother goes to the Temple. The father eats beef burgers while the mother worships the cow. The father does not worship the idols while the mother does. All of this is very confusing for the child. Parents are supposedly the role models for the children. When the two role models display different and often conflicting characteristics, the child becomes confused and is not able to work out which of the two is correct and which is not. Such marriages have frequently inculcated such a culture in the home, wherein the child starts believing in both the religions. The mixture of the two religions gives rise to a third religion that has extremely subjective foundations and whose beliefs and perceptions are entirely challengeable. The child having multiple beliefs himself is very confused. On one occasion, he worships the cow and on another, he eats it. This

Keynesian Theory Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Keynesian Theory - Coursework Example sterity leads to austerity!" argued that there is no need to apply austerity measures because â€Å"We have no logical need for layoffs, pay cuts, and forced days off†. In addition this measure is also counterproductive because it only increases idle capacity. The demand needed to produce in full capacity can be filled by foreign countries through exports. The video on the other hand implied that giving in to the demands of IMF of cutting jobs and expenditures will not be good to Greece. The analogy of honey badger was used to illustrate the â€Å"nobody care† attitude of investors towards Greece and that the world economy can get over it if Greece will eventually default to its loans by agreeing to European authorities. In general, the Keynesian economic policy is a better policy during recession because it pump prime and stimulate the economy for growth. In the case of Greece however, it is deemed not a good policy because it has been on the deficit (or been overspending for twenty years) that a change for austerity measure is needed to fix the economy and learn fiscal

Implement Change Management Processes Essay Example for Free

Implement Change Management Processes Essay During the demonstration of skills did the student: (Tick if completed) ⠝‘ Plan IT system changes ⠝‘ Current system evaluation ⠝‘ Organisation needs vs benchmark ⠝‘ Identify technology system change needs ⠝‘ Access changes ⠝‘ Prioritise changes ⠝‘ Implement change ⠝‘ Monitor and review implementation Trainer’s Name:Date: / / Trainer’s Signature: Reviewed Auditor’s name:Date: / / Auditor’s Signature: Instructions for assessor(s) Ensure that all activities are completed. Ensure the completeness of this form before handling to the training manager. Provide a copy of this document to the student. Results of this assessment are to be recorded in to the SAFHIN system. Person responsible for recording to SAFHIN: SAFHIN Code: Instructions for students This unit will be assessed in simulated environment. The task should be completed in reasonable timeframe which will be determined by assessor and depends on circumstances of particular task. After completion of the each project you have to complete the documentation and handle it to your trainer/assessor. OHS and safety rules must be observed. The assessment will be stopped immediately if the work practices are unsafe. Scenario A local graphic studio is based on the Apple platform. The new management is considering the change of the platform for Windows 7. The cost of maintenance, application and hardware support is indicating that the new platform could be more viable than the Apple. Your tasks are: Based on the organisational requirements, business strategy and project requirements develop an IT change management plan document. †¢ Research and develop change procedures and conventions. †¢ Identify key personnel responsible for change management policies and procedures for the company, and those responsible for authorizing and implementing the change management plan. †¢ Identify training needs of staff and management in relation to the changes that will take place. †¢ Evaluate current IT system and determine changing user or business patterns. †¢ Determine current benchmarks. †¢ Compare the organisational needs against performance benchmarks to identify possible changes in the organisation. †¢ Assess proposed changes to determine impact to the organisation. Plan a schedule for the changes that will take place and include the schedule in the change management plan being documented. †¢ Prioritise the changes according to needs. †¢ Allocate resources across the changes that will happen. Implement the plan and obtain new performance benchmarks. Record data from the new performance benchmarks and compare against previous performance data to measure change performance. Update the training requirements of the staff as necessary in accordance with the new performance benchmarks. Record, document and submit the results to appropriate person. Produce required documentation. Attach zipped files produced as part of this project. Document the file structure and each file in individual document. Instructions for trainer You will be required to participate with student on behalf of client. Provide student with your â€Å"client† e-mail for this scenario ([emailprotected]). Interview Record Sheet |Unit(s) of Competency |ICASAS601A Implement change-management processes | |Student’s Name | | During the demonstration of skills did the student: (Tick if completed) ⠝‘ All sections of the practical assessment task are completed according the requirements and instructions. ⠝‘ OHS policies and procedures were followed during the work. ⠝‘ Student has demonstrated communication skills on the appropriate level Trainer’s Name:Date: / / Trainer’s Signature:Student’s Signature: Reviewed Auditor’s name:Date: / / Auditor’s Signature: Instructions for assessor(s) Ensure that all activities are completed. Ensure the completeness of this form before handling to the training manager. Provide a copy of this document to the student. Results of this assessment are to be recorded in to the SAFHIN system. Person responsible for recording to SAFHIN: SAFHIN Code: Interview/Discussion Trainer will conduct the interview with the student after the completion of the project. Student will be asked to present their work. Trainer will ask questions related directly to the project or scenario, trying to establish enough evidence for each element of competency, where required. Student will have the opportunity to explain the approaches and methods used in this project. Student should provide trainer with enough evidence of his competence against each criteria. Trainer must ensure that the student fully understands the area, and is competent in each element of this competency. Trainer has to also ensure that the underpinning knowledge for each unit of competency is verified. Where applicable the practical demonstration of the knowledge can be demonstrated. The duration of the interview will be up to 2 hours. The interview/discussion will be documented in stand-alone document. The references to the performance criteria are to be noted as well. Suggested questions for the interview Discuss the process of planning IT system changes Discuss the process of identifying technology system change needs Discuss any difficulties that you have experienced during the process Assessor’s comments Assessor’s comments

“Stylistic Techniques in Kate Chopin’s The Story of an Hour” Essay

For centuries, American literature has served as indication on the power of words to articulate encouragement for change by creating a call to action. Indeed, literature â€Å"the art that expresses life in words† (Tanvir, Para. 4) has the ability to transform the comprehensive human race. Consequently, literature serves as a record of all the dreams that made such change a possibility throughout history. Each successive era, literature begins and ends with great writers communicating their own message to their intended readers. When skillfully written, enthusiastic, and engaging a piece of literature possesses the power to create a substantial contribution. One such great writer, Kate Chopin often wrote about an alternative way of thinking in regards to a women’s position in the 19th Century. Chopin was well known for some of the most shaping feminist stories and novels during her time. Accordingly, in her short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour† Chopin tells the tale of Mrs. Mallard’s reaction to the death of her husband, instead of fearing the forlorn widow years ahead of her; she falters upon a different comprehension all together. After hearing the news of her husband’s alleged death, Mrs. Mallard retreats to her bedroom in solitude. Although Mrs. Mallard is initially distraught by the news, she sits down, gawks out a window and astonishingly, it is spring and everything comes to life. As the reader takes an expedition with Mrs. Mallard on her revelation of true independence, Chopin’s strong word choice sheds light on and develops ideas that articulate, boost and deepen the content. Truly, her short story is comprehensible and clear-cut; Chopin plainly describes people and objects without wasting any words. While â€Å"The Story of an Hour† ... ...e of structural organization and powerful word choice work as a guide for the readers to gain a better understanding of Mrs. Mallard and an exploration of how she finds herself free after her husband’s sudden death. Works Cited Chopin, Kate. The Story of an Hour. Cummings Study Guide, 2006. Web. 10 Feb 2012. . Olson A. Gary et.al. Style and Readability in Business Writing: A Sentence-Combining Approach. Random House, 1985 Stepanek, Jennifer. "6 1 Trait Definitions." Education Northwest. Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory, 2012. Web. 11 Feb 2012. . Tanvir, Nabila. Chief Qualities of Literature. Online Library of Classic English Literature Books. 14 Aug. 2009. Taylor, Marilyn. Tips for Finding the Right Words. Writer 119.12 (2006).

Diderot

I have come to a point in life that many people have not. I have made a firm decision to recommit myself to pursuing my dreams. While there are those who believe that with an ounce of luck and a ton of persistence anything can be accomplished, I believe that there is no reason to expend so much energy and rely on luck. I believe in taking hold of my destiny and carving out a future for myself based on the decisions that I make in life. Life is simply too short and too precious to be left to luck alone.I have many very special characteristics that make this profession one that I will not only excel at, but one that I know will provide me with great opportunity to meet and treat my community. Although an excellent student, my ability to listen to people has helped me to excel both professionally and personally. Too often people are misdiagnosed, misheard and not heard at all because of the time constraints forced on the profession by the high number of patients and insurance constraint s.This was not always a characteristic I would consider my strongest, but after realizing the importance of listening to people I decided to change my own behavior, and even change my small part of the world. The ability to hear people, to really listen, has transformed my life in a positive and crucial way. This experience of working with those who are less fortunate in life has opened my eyes to the possibilities of pursuing a career that revolves around helping others. I realize that there is a lot that I am grateful for in life and that there is also so much that I can give to others.By devoting my life to the service of others I am confident that I too can benefit by having the opportunity to learn more about myself and others. Growing up we lived in a middle income neighborhood, at best, and I was very fortunate to be surrounded with not only many cultures, but many income levels. My friends were as diverse as the neighborhood we lived in, a melting pot. I learned early on not to pass judgments on people based on their wealth, lack of it, color, religious background or anything that may make my friends different from me.Some of my best memories are of all of sharing what we did on the holidays. I was grateful for such loyal friends and will never forget how they helped me become the adult I am today. These, I believe, are the main characteristics that one needs to possess for social work practice. While I may not have the qualifications as others, I am confident that my determination to succeed in the pursuit of a career in social work will help me in the future. From the point of view of personal growth, I must admit that there is so much for me to gain from doing voluntary service at the elderly home.One important aspect of personal growth is the understanding and the lessons that I can learn from the elderly. The youth, such as me, must learn how to acknowledge the achievements of the older generation and respect their experience. The older generation has a hard time teaching the youth how to avoid the same mistakes that they made when they were young because all they see is wasted and reckless youth but I see that my exposure at a home for the elderly will give me the unique opportunity to learn from them and perhaps avoid the same mistakes.I have found that my experiences with the older generation have inspired in me the joys of learning. As previously mentioned, there is so much that I can learn from them and so much knowledge and wisdom that they can impart. As such, this also creates a certain excitement for me for I know that as I grow as a person there lies so much for me in the world. Unique opportunities that are available to those who are prepared and ready to make a contribution to the world. Pursuing my career in this course is just the first step in my plan. My main philosophy in life is to lead by setting an example.I cannot expect others to do what I myself would be willing to do but that does not mean that I cann ot hope that others will see the example that I have shown them. This philosophy is one of the many forces that drive me to pursue my dream of pursuing this career and of becoming so much more in life. The chance to help those who are less fortunate in life, the chance to help those in need, the opportunity to be of service to humanity; these are the reasons why I have selected this as the profession that I will pursue; for, as Eleanor Roosevelt once said, â€Å"The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 

Uniform Motion Lab

Controlled variables: 1. The lighting was kept constant during the complete test. No additional light sources were added throughout the experiment, nor were any light sources removed throughout the experiment. This minimized the errors involved with trying to read and record the indicated measurements on the ticker tape, as well as the ability to analyze the experiment. 2. The same person measured and recorded the height and length of the incline plane and level horizontal track to ensure consistency in the recording of data.By having the same person read all of the measurements minimized the degree of uncertainty in position and angle of reading values. 3. The same person recorded all measuring values on the ticker tape to ensure consistency in the recording of data. By having the same person read all of the measurements minimized the degree of uncertainty in position and angle of reading values. 4. The spark timer was set to a frequency of 10Hz (10 dots/s).This eliminated the possi ble random error that could have been associated with the recording of time if a person were to record the time, due to delays in reaction time. By having the consistency of the spark timer record the time values the total accuracy and precision for the experiment was increased. 5. There was no wind or abnormal air movements during the complete test. No doors were opened or closed during the experiment, nor were any windows opened or closed, ensuring that the results would not be affected from air currents pushing or angling the car.Procedure: 1. Using a meter stick, one person measure and record the height of incline plane at its highest point from the table. Then, using a meter stick, one person measure and record the length of the incline plane and the level horizontal track. 2. Without the use of ticker tape or a spark timer, place the car at the top of the incline plane. Release the car. Use this as a trial run to ensure the ramp will produce efficient results. 3. Attach one en d of the ticker tape onto the top of the car with the use of masking tape. 4. Turn on the spark timer.

20 Ethics Research Paper Topics and Ideas

20 Ethics Research Paper Topics and Ideas In the contemporary world, where a growing tendency towards the establishment of a sustainable society takes place, ethics is a valuable field that provides ways of how to achieve this goal. However, because of the long-lasting history of this branch of philosophy and therefore, high diversification of ethical approaches, it is essential to conduct in-depth research before applying any of those approaches to the real-life issues. In this context, you should remember that ethics research paper requires you to be attentive to details of ethical doctrine. Do not hesitate to employ a variety of academic books and scholarly journals to make your research valid and relevant. Topics and Ideas for Ethics Research Paper 1. Moral Relativism in a Globalized World The concepts of Moral Relativism deals with the diversity of ethical principles resulted from a diversity of cultures. When researching this topic, you can refer to the ideas of normative moral relativism about tolerating the values of other cultures, even in case they contradict the widely accepted standards. Moreover, it will be interesting to discuss these ideas within the framework of globalization, reviewing the examples of international toleration. 2. The Role of Applied Ethics in the Contemporary World Since Applied Ethics involves itself into the research and analysis of the controversial issues, such as abortion, capital punishment, and some others, it is critically important to analyze the background of this approach, as well as its place in the contemporary world. Namely, you can research the critical principles driving the theorists working towards this direction, as well as the significant contribution of the applied ethics to the practical study of the modern dilemmas. 3. The Contribution of William Ockham to the Development of Voluntarism To understand better the ideas of the divine command theory or voluntarism, it is reasonable to research the life and work of William Ockham, the proponent of this theory. Although there is a list of widely known principles of voluntarism, you can research which of them have appeared due to the contribution of William Ockham and make a conclusion regarding the importance of the insights expressed by him, especially in relation to the other authors. 4. Skepticism as the Alternative to Divine Nature of Ethics Although skeptics acknowledge the moral values, they reject the divine nature of ethics, or, in other words, the ideas of voluntarism. Instead, they insist on the human ground of morality. You can move on and research moral skepticism in relation to how it differs from the divine command theory. 5. The Differences and Similarities between Male and Female Morality Since gender issues are of high importance in the contemporary world, it will be reasonable to research and compare male and female moral values. To complete this task, you can analyze the scholarly articles containing surveys and experiments to figure out how those values differ, basing on quantitative data. Besides, you can employ theoretical insights and universal ethical theories to explain the results of the first part of the research. 6. The Basics of Consequentialist Justification Consequentialism is among the most widely discussed ethical approaches because of its definition of morality. Namely, it states that morality is determined by the outcomes of the action. In this research, you can go into details of this approach, as well as review the example of the application of consequentialism taken from real life. 7. Contradictory Aspects of the Principle of Lawfulness The principle of lawfulness is among the basic principles of ethics, which state that one should not violate the law to act ethically. Research this principle and discuss, providing real-world examples, and how it can contradict other essential ideas of ethics, such as the principle of personal benefit or principle of paternalism. 8. The Legality of Prostitution The issue of whether prostitution should be acknowledged legal is long lasting but still unresolved. The reason is the existence of pluralistic values and contradictory ethical approaches. Research the two ethical theories that justify and refute the legality of prostitution, and reveal which one has more proponents. To perform this research appropriately, you can use academic literature to provide relevant facts about two approaches, as well as other sources to get an insight into the question of what theory is more promising. 9. Obligatory Status of Vaccination Immunization programs become more and more popular in the contemporary world, while still being actively criticized by those arguing that obligatory vaccination violates the principle of autonomy. You can research different ethical approaches to this issue, including the one mentioned above, and after comparing them with the real-world facts, figure out the relevant conclusions regarding which theory should be accepted universally. 10. National Security vs. Individual Privacy: An Ethical Approach This research should focus on the controversies that appear when one is trying to combine the goals of national security and individual right to privacy. You can study different ethical interpretations of this issue to find out the most convenient one. Also, highlight what situations require taking into account the individual interests over national security and vice versa. For this purpose, you can review the real-world case showing the process of balancing between national and individual interests. 11. Utilitarian Approach to Population Control Use the contribution of Utilitarianism to research the issue of population control. Although non-interference in relation to the matter of constantly growing population protects people right to decide on the size of their families by their own, it creates significant threats for future generations, such as those challenges that relate to overpopulation. Using the utilitarian approach, ensure to research the advantages and costs of population control to figure out the position of the supporters of this theory regarding this matter. 12. Utilitarian Interpretation of Armed Conflict In this research, it seems reasonable to include both theoretical and applied parts. Namely, after researching the major ideas of Utilitarianism, you can study how they apply to the matter of armed conflict and well-known examples of such conflicts. Besides, you can cover the appearance of terrorism, including the real-world cases, and conclude whether it can be ethically justified. 13. The Pluralism of Approaches to Forced Marriage Ethics provide us with quite a multi-dimensional perspective on the issue of forced marriage. While the voluntarism does not acknowledge its morality because of the absence of religious sources for such appearance, the moral relativism offers a justification of it. Research both views and possible alternatives to figure out the mental map of ethical doctrine formed around the issue of forced marriage. 14. Ethical Approach to Animal Testing While the supporters of the utilitarian approach argue that because of the benefits created for humans, animal testing is justified and morally right, there are still a lot of opponents to such an idea. You can research the alternatives to utilitarian perspective and, using the scholarly literature, assess which is the most promising in both short-term and long-term perspectives. 15. Categorization of the Ethical Arguments against Contraception In this research paper, you can review and categorize the variety of arguments expressed against contraception as the method of birth control. You should mentally divide the arguments according to the major ideas standing behind each view, as well as theoretical approaches under which the perspective is expressed. 16. The Issue of Transplant Tourism In this research, you should study the topic of transplantation, including the major ethical arguments for and against it. Using the theoretical approaches of ethics, research the views discussing whether the threat of transplant tourism is harmful enough to ban the compensated transplantation. It means that you should balance between the pros and cons of compensated transplantation, making an emphasis on transplant tourism as a significant disadvantage of transplantation. 17. Ethical Issues in the Workplace The workplace is the environment with the increased chances of the appearance of various ethical issues, such as harassment. Research the common challenges that employees and employers usually face and provide the ethical assessment of those issues using the popular ethical approaches and scholarly literature. 18. Ethical Side of Beauty Pageants While beauty contests are usually treated in a negative context, some people support these events, highlighting their strong ethics and contribution. Research the advantages and disadvantages of beauty contests to balance them within the framework of three well-known ethical approaches, which you can choose on your own. 19. Normative Ethics: Comparison of Deontology and Consequentialism Normative ethics is among the most widely used branch of ethics, which allows us to understand what actions are morally right. However, it also covers the approaches that are quite contrasting. For this research, study and compare two opposing views of normative ethics – deontology and consequentialism. Additionally, it will be efficient for you to research the cases of the application of these perspectives in a real-world setting. 20 The Basics of Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct In the contemporary world, the well-designed code of ethics and professional conduct is an essential part of every successful and fruitful working environment. You should research this concept, including its characteristics, critical parts, and the outcomes of the application of such documents to the working practices. Moreover, you can point out the ethical approach that usually serves as a basis for the design of the code of ethics. Conclusion To conclude, ethics performs a critical role in particularly every aspect of life, providing moral guidance for decisions and doings. In spite of the wide range of ethical approaches, you should be able to know when and what perspective can be applied. Ethics research allows you to get acquainted with the specifics of ethical interpretation of a particular issue; therefore, the increased awareness will boost your ability to make the right decisions. However, you should remember that ethics research itself requires a high concentration and devotion to the long-lasting and profound study of academic literature to be conducted appropriately.

Osmoregulation Definition and Explanation

Osmoregulation Definition and Explanation Osmoregulation is the active regulation of osmotic pressure to maintain the balance of water and electrolytes in an organism. Control of osmotic pressure is  needed to perform biochemical reactions and preserve homeostasis. How Osmoregulation Works Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane into an area that has a higher solute concentration. Osmotic pressure is the external pressure needed to prevent the solvent from crossing the membrane. Osmotic pressure depends on the concentration of solute particles. In an organism, the solvent is water and the solute particles are mainly dissolved salts and other ions, since larger molecules (proteins and polysaccharides) and nonpolar or hydrophobic molecules (dissolved gases, lipids) dont cross a semipermeable membrane. To maintain the water and electrolyte balance, organisms excrete excess water, solute molecules, and wastes. Osmoconformers and Osmoregulators There are two strategies used for osmoregulation- conforming and regulating. Osmoconformers use active or passive processes to match their internal osmolarity to that of the environment. This is commonly seen in marine invertebrates, which have the same internal osmotic pressure inside their cells as the outside water, even though the chemical composition of the solutes may be different. Osmoregulators control internal osmotic pressure so that conditions are maintained within a tightly-regulated range. Many animals are osmoregulators, including vertebrates (like humans). Osmoregulation Strategies of Different Organisms Bacteria - When osmolarity increases around bacteria, they may use transport mechanisms to absorb electrolytes or small organic molecules. The osmotic stress activates genes in certain bacteria that lead to the synthesis of osmoprotectant molecules. Protozoa - Protists use contractile vacuoles to transport ammonia and other excretory wastes from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane, where the vacuole opens to the environment. Osmotic pressure forces water into the cytoplasm, while diffusion and active transport control the flow of water and electrolytes. Plants - Higher plants use the stomata on the underside of leaves to control water loss. Plant cells rely on vacuoles to regulate  cytoplasm osmolarity. Plants that live in hydrated soil (mesophytes) easily compensate for water lost from transpiration by absorbing more water. The leaves and stem of the plants may be protected from excessive water loss by a waxy outer coating called the cuticle. Plants that live in dry habitats (xerophytes) store water in vacuoles, have thick cuticles, and may have structural modifications (i.e., needle-shaped leaves, protected stomata) to protect against water loss. Plants that live in salty environments (halophytes) have to regulate not only water intake/loss but also the effect on osmotic pressure by salt. Some species store salts in their roots so the low water potential will draw the solvent in via osmosis. Salt may be excreted onto leaves to trap water molecules for absorption by leaf cells. Plants that live in water or damp environments (hydr ophytes) can absorb water across their entire surface. Animals - Animals utilize an excretory system to control the amount of water that is lost to the environment and maintain osmotic pressure. Protein metabolism also generates waste molecules which could disrupt osmotic pressure. The organs that are responsible for osmoregulation depend on the species. Osmoregulation in Humans In humans, the primary organ that regulates water is the kidney. Water, glucose, and amino acids may be reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate in the kidneys or it may continue through the ureters to the bladder for excretion in urine. In this way, the kidneys maintain the electrolyte balance of the blood and also regulate blood pressure. Absorption is controlled by the hormones aldosterone, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and angiotensin II. Humans also lose water and electrolytes via perspiration. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus of the brain monitor changes in water potential, controlling thirst and secreting ADH. ADH is stored in the pituitary gland. When it is released, it targets the endothelial cells in the nephrons of the kidneys. These cells are unique because they have aquaporins. Water can pass through aquaporins directly rather than having to navigate through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. ADH opens the water channels of the aquaporins, allowing water to flow. The kidneys continue to absorb water, returning it to the bloodstream, until the pituitary gland stops releasing ADH.

Neurological Biological Development of the Brain Essay

Neurological Biological Development of the Brain - Essay Example The brain is an incredibly intricate and complex part of the human body. It is made up of neurons, or brain cells and these brain cells connect to one another through synapses, which are physical gaps between the neurons. Then there are neurotransmitters which are used to carry signals between brain cells, and these also work by diffusing across the synapse and triggering the electrical activity that transmits information throughout the brain itself. The grown adult human brain contains about 200 billion neurons, and it needs to be known that the number of neurons that are in the brain actually does not change from birth, bur rather the growth occurs in the dendrites. The developmental process of the brain really takes on two separate sides, especially in regards to something such as communication, as the left part of the brain controls the right side of the body and vice versa, and so in order to come to a proper conclusion in regards to the developmental processes of the brain we t hus have to thoroughly examine and discuss the two parts of the brain separately and in their own regards. Both sides of the brain develop incredibly complexly, and there are many different intricate and codependent processes that are going on during the course and the development of a human being, and all of these need to be considered in a matter such as this. The first eight weeks of brain development is known as being the embryonic period, and this is before the baby is actually born, once they have been conceived and the very beginning of the neurological biological development of the brain begins, and during this time is when multiple different and significant changes take place, as the organs, systems, and tissues of the future are being induced and differentiated and put properly into place in regards to the brain's development, and then the growth and development and refinement of these organs, systems, and tissues begins at this point. The brain actually begins to develop very soon after the point of conception, sooner than many people seem to believe, and this is when the brain cells first begin forming at the very tip of the embryo; as well, by as early as three and a half weeks past the conception date, the neural tube will begin to expand and mature and will result in forming the spinal cord and the brain. At the beginning, during this point, the brain cells themselves multiply incredibly quickly, at a rate of 250,000 per minute, however after about the 20th week, there is a slowdown which will occur, and this happens because the brain is organizing itself into more than 40 separate systems, which thus causes a significant decrease in the multiplication of the brain cells. Then there is the foetal stage of development, which takes place from the third to the ninth month, and during this time is when "the communication lines between the brain and the periphery of the body

Leadership Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Leadership - Coursework Example He possessed appropriate personality traits and assumed his role as a leader effective. Jude is an honest man and would often correct me whenever I was wrong. His criticisms were always objective a feature that enhanced the success of his corrections. Additionally, he had the skill to delegate (Selznick, 1984). He often delegated some of his works to me thereby making me acquire both the skills and experience in performing various tasks including driving. Jude is humorous and a god communicator. Both traits make him a perfect leader who endeared to various people besides me. Among the trends in leadership that make Jude an effective leader are confidences, positive attitude and creativity (Maxwell, 2007). Jude has the creativity to work his way out of any problem and to solve any conflict. In doing these, he strives to maintain objectivity and minimize the harm that his actions may cause the parties involved. After criticizing an individual, he does not let the case affect his future relations with the

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Management - Essay Example Job experiences can help the managers understand the demands and challenges that might be faced for every job position; the awareness of such aspects directs the individual towards effective management. Question 2 The following approaches have been recommended for the proposed employee development program: Job Rotation: Job rotation is an effective employee development approach to make the individual aware of the whole process and business operations that take place in the workplace (Job Rotations). The assignment of the individual at different positions will facilitate the acquisition of experience for different tasks and will make the individual value the relevance of each job position. Temporary Promotion: Another recommendation is to promote the capable employees for a certain period of time to provide them the valuable experience of being a manager. This also helps the top management to analyze their performance as a manager and their adapted strategies to handle critical situat ions. References Basic Skills for Project Managers, McGraw Hills, 2000, Print. â€Å"Job Rotations†, Individual Learning Strategies, n.d. Web. 22 April 2011.

Benefits of Environmental Law

Benefits of Environmental Law Introduction Dating back to 1970s the concept of environment and resource management in New Zealand has gradually developed to adjust to internationally addressed environmental issues fist recognised by the World Summit held in Stockholm in 1972 when the need to protect the environment was acknowledged by the political world (Study Guide 1: Resource Management and Environmental Law). For a long period of time and especially in the last three decades, conservation issues have been on the political agenda in New Zealand. During this time, conservationist successful brought issues to the attention of governments and had policies and institutions introduced or changed to meet their demands (Buhrs and Barlett 1993). International influence The local thinking on the need to improve environmental management was influenced following an audit of New Zealands environmental management by the OECD on 1980. (Williams, 1997 cited in ENV 103 Resource Management and Environmental Law, Part 1) New Zealand is nationally and internationally regarded as a clean and green country due to the large areas of the country being relatively untouched and more than twenty per cent of the land being still under native bush. Having a population of only 3.5 millions, the country is seen as sparsely populated and pollution problems are regarded as minor comparing to other, more industrialised countries of the world. (Buhrs Bartlett, 1993) Buhrs Bartlett (1993) stated that New Zealand is able to prevent the environmental problems from emerging by learning from other countries experiences. Even though there have been improvements in some areas such as nature conservation, in other aspect New Zealand environmental policy has been slow comparing to other western countries (Buhrs Bartlett, 1993). Political and law reform in New Zealand Starting with The Town and Country Planning Act (TCPA) being passed by Parliament In 1977, political and law reform in New Zealand has regulated the use of land enforcing the need for permission for any activities through local government. The TCPA was concerned with economics and economical development within New Zealand being directed mainly at zoning (Study Guide 1: Resource Management and Environmental Law). One of the first documents identifying how the key ideas underlying the concept of sustainable development could be applied in New Zealand, The Integrated conservation and development: A Proposal for a New Zealand Conservation Strategy was prepared by The Nature conservation council in 1981 (Study Guide 1: Resource Management and Environmental Law). Starting with The New Zealand Physical and Environmental Conference recommending the establishment of an Environmental Council, New Zealand has addressed the concerns that environmental costs were often overlooked during economic development (Study Guide 1: Resource Management and Environmental Law). Benefits of Environmental Law for New Zealanders The clean and green image that New Zealand has managed to project to the world for such a log time is a very important part of the countries international image and has been sustained due to the countries ability to protect its natural heritage and local unique fauna and flora. Every person wants a clean environment in which to leave and leave for future generations. The New Zealanders environment is as much part of the countries image as its own history and culture. The clean environment it is as equally important for people as individuals as it is for the standard of life. The Influences in the development of environmental law in New Zealand have been as much internal as external even though the environmental issues have been in countrys agenda for a very long time. Having a very developed touristic economy, New Zealands environment plays an important role in the countys economical development and prosperity. Environmental law in New Zealand is vital for protecting all the factors influencing New Zealanders standard of life and the economical growth. Contributing factors to Environmental Law in New Zealand According to Buhrs Bartlett (1993), New Zealands unique flora and fauna and its distinctive species and ecosystems have suffered serious losses since human settlement. It is estimated that prior to human settlement eighty per cent of New Zealand was cover in forest. Since then the area covered by forest was significantly reduced to fifty-three per cent by 1840 and further to twenty-three per cent by 1983, making the treat to ecosystem one of the main contributing factors to Environmental Law in New Zealand. (Commission for the Environment, 1985 cited in Buhrs Bartlett, 1993) In 1928 increased public interest in conservation led to the introduction of the Public Reserves, Domains and National Parks Act. Several National Parks have been established by 1929 and another four during the 1950s. (Department of Statistics, 1989, pp.512-13 cited in Buhrs Bartlett, 1993 ). The conservationists concerns in regards to destruction of scenic beauty increased during 1950s continue trough 1970th and the early 1980s. Following battles over government proposal for the utilisation of beech forests, a new, more radical conservation organisation, the Beech Forest Action Council (later named the Native Forest Action Council) was established. The interest of the environment movement in New Zealand moved towards conservation issues to a global dimension during the 1980s and early 1990s. (Palmer, 1990 cited in Buhrs Bartlett, 1993) The Quality of Life Issue and Pollution are just some of many contributing factors to Environmental Law in New Zealand. The quality of life is often associated with the standard of living. However, a good standard of living, like the enjoyment of life, the quality of social relations within society and the satisfaction of psychological needs can contribute to the good quality of live but does not necessarily lead to it, while the low quality of living is often associated with people living in abject poverty(Buhrs Bartlett, 1993). The quality of life issues such as pollution, public health and human environment problems have not been the subject of public concerns until the early 1970s, when they started to play a more important role in the public agenda. Poor disposal and waste management has lead to further environmental health and pollution issues with the cleaning cost estimated at over $600 million. (Ministry for the Environment, 1993; Minister for the Environment, Media Statement, 16 December 1992; Stevenson, 1992 cited in Buhrs Bartlett, 1993). There are several factor categories that help explain why certain conditions or problems have a better chance of reaching the political agenda. The Socio-cultural context of New Zealand society has been receptive to nature conservation issues. The countrys natural environment and scenic beauty is seen as unique which has offered a significant level of support allowing the conservation movement in New Zealand to develop professionally and politically skilled organisations. Significant progress in conservation policy has also been achieved due to the economic factors as well as political-institutional factors. The relative seriousness of environmental problems also contribute to the political recognition of problems. Convergence is another factor which may explain why problems receive political attention despite the weakness, or even absence, of domestic pressure and demands. This is a process by which outside influences induce countries to adopt similar policies, (Buhrs Bartlett, 1993) The RMAs role in New Zealand One of the environmental Lows in New Zealand is The Resources Management Act (1991). This is the only law which is dealt with on a daily basis by many around New Zealand. Having clean air and unpolluted beaches are some of the qualities of our environment that we rely and values, which the RMA seeks to protect. It also encourages the protection of areas of our natural environment that provides habitat for ingenious species. The RMA set out to create a more streamlined, integrated and comprehensive approach to environmental management. The focus of RMA is on managing the effects of activities rather than regulating the activities themselves. The purpose of this Act is to promote the sustainable management of natural and physical resources. In this Act, sustainable management means managing the use, development, and protection of natural and physical resources in a way, or at a rate, which enables people and communities to provide for their social, economic, and cultural wellbeing and for their health and safety. New Zealand Legislation: Acts available at: www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1991/0069/latest/DLM231905.html The RMA controls the environmental impacts of activities through the requirement to apply for Resource Consents as well as through any conditions for permitted activities included in the relevant regional or district plan. Conclusions Environmental Law in New Zealand as well as globally is in constant and continuous development and reassessing due to the continuously changing environmental issues nationally as well as internationally. The influences in the development on environmental law in New Zealand have been as much internal as external even though the environmental issues have been in the countrys agenda for a very long time. New Zealands environmental law has gradually change to meet the countrys needs for protecting the indigenous flora and fauna affected by the increasing population and continuously changing environmental conditions. The countrys heritage has suffered dramatic changes over time with species broth to extinction or close to it. Learning from past experiences and from other countries experiences, New Zealand has managed to protect its clean and green image by practicing a environmental issue prevention policy. References BÃ ¼hrs, Ton and Robert V. Bartlett (1993) Environmental Policy in New Zealand. The Politics of Clean Green? Chapters 2 New Zealand Legislation: Acts available at: www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1991/0069/latest/DLM231905.html Study Guide 1: Resource Management and Environmental Law Williams, D.A.R (1997). Environmental and Resource Management Law; cited in Study Guide 1: Resource Management and Environmental Law Bibliography Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society of New Zealand, (2005). Breaking Down Barriers The Resource Management Act Made Easy. Available from: http://www.forestandbird.org.nz/rm/index.asp Environmental Defence Society Website http://www.rmaguide.org.nz Ministry for the Environment lots of information about the Resource Management Act. Available at: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/rma/index.php Ministry for the Environment, (2006). Your Guide to the Resource Management Act. Available at: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/rma/rma-guide-aug06/html/index.html New Zealand Legislation: Acts (2008). Resource Management Act 1991. Available at: http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1991/0069/latest/DLM230265.html Hardin, Garrett (1968), The Tragedy of the Commons Science, 162 (13 December), pp. 1243-1248. (Reprinted in: Ken Conca, Michael Alberty, and Geoffrry D. Dabelko, eds. (1995), Green Planet Blues. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, pp.38-45).

Candide 3 :: essays research papers

I am not too familiar with the events that occurred in this book. It is set back in the times of kings and queens, barons, lords and other titles. The author, Voltaire, who was born Francios-Marie Arouet, was very critical and suspicious of government and officials. He used his writing talens to make fun of them or criticize abuses of the time. In the middle of the 18th century, Voltaire turned against the popular philosophy of “optimism'; because of a tragic earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal, which killed 30,000 people and did millions of dollars in damage. He wrote Candide to show that proponents of optimism were, well – crazy! The first thing that happens in this book is that the main character, Candide, a good natured young man, gets kicked out of his home. His home happens to be the castle of a Baron who has a 17-year old daughter named Cunegonde. Candide is seen by the baron kissing the hand of Cunegonde. So, what’s the big deal about that? She was the one who started it. And it was just her hand, all right? But for some reason, this really upset the Baron and out Candide went. He is picked up by Bulgarian soldiers and made part of their army, but when he goes out for a walk one day, they think is going AWOL. He is then given a choice of taking 12 bullets to the dome or being whipped 4,000 times! Nice choice! By now I’m thinking not much is happening for the good. But not Candide. He just doesn’t understand. He takes the whipping. Over and over again Candide tries to do his best and tragedies happen to him. The way I feel about Candide is that he is undecided and confused about what is going around him and what is happening to him. Some people here and there help him and others capture him and torture him. He is also scared of being out alone with no one there for him until he runs into his old Master of Philosophy, Dr. Pangloss. The doc tells him of dreadful things that happened at the castle and the condition everyone was in. The Baron and his entire family, including his beloved Cunegonde are all dead. Candide faints on the spot when he hears of that and that shows that he is not very emotionally strong. He can’t deal with the pain of life very well. Candide 3 :: essays research papers I am not too familiar with the events that occurred in this book. It is set back in the times of kings and queens, barons, lords and other titles. The author, Voltaire, who was born Francios-Marie Arouet, was very critical and suspicious of government and officials. He used his writing talens to make fun of them or criticize abuses of the time. In the middle of the 18th century, Voltaire turned against the popular philosophy of “optimism'; because of a tragic earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal, which killed 30,000 people and did millions of dollars in damage. He wrote Candide to show that proponents of optimism were, well – crazy! The first thing that happens in this book is that the main character, Candide, a good natured young man, gets kicked out of his home. His home happens to be the castle of a Baron who has a 17-year old daughter named Cunegonde. Candide is seen by the baron kissing the hand of Cunegonde. So, what’s the big deal about that? She was the one who started it. And it was just her hand, all right? But for some reason, this really upset the Baron and out Candide went. He is picked up by Bulgarian soldiers and made part of their army, but when he goes out for a walk one day, they think is going AWOL. He is then given a choice of taking 12 bullets to the dome or being whipped 4,000 times! Nice choice! By now I’m thinking not much is happening for the good. But not Candide. He just doesn’t understand. He takes the whipping. Over and over again Candide tries to do his best and tragedies happen to him. The way I feel about Candide is that he is undecided and confused about what is going around him and what is happening to him. Some people here and there help him and others capture him and torture him. He is also scared of being out alone with no one there for him until he runs into his old Master of Philosophy, Dr. Pangloss. The doc tells him of dreadful things that happened at the castle and the condition everyone was in. The Baron and his entire family, including his beloved Cunegonde are all dead. Candide faints on the spot when he hears of that and that shows that he is not very emotionally strong. He can’t deal with the pain of life very well.

Harlem Renaissance Music Essay

Harlem Renaissance refers to the development of African-American arts and culture in the United States, immediately after the World War I. According to reports, the revolutionary development in the arts and culture started in Harlem, New York, thus the name â€Å"Harlem Renaissance. † Harlem Renaissance is believed to have happened between years 1919 and 1930, with 1924 to 1929 as the years when it reached its peak (Charters S. and Kundstadt L. ; â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†). The initiators and participants of the Harlem Renaissance movement include the descendants of different societies who had witnessed and first-handedly experienced slavery. Most of which were Africans or people of African descent. Others were migrants from certain racial communities and were seeking for their place in a relatively â€Å"unprejudiced† society in the United States. What was common among the participants of Harlem Renaissance was their desire for the change especially in terms of racism and African stereotyping. The union of these people based on this one value had been the seed of Harlem Renaissance which then became a major influence on not only on people with African roots across the world but also on the culture of America (Hutchinson,G. ; â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†). In challenging the specter of racism, prejudice and African stereotyping, the participants of Harlem Renaissance invoked the power of cultural tools such as literature, art and music to represent a â€Å"different† African-American who is both intellectual and productive, and in effect initiate their integration in society without any racial barrier. Part of this revolution was to uplift the spirit of the race by unifying their culture. The media of Harlem Renaissance would hold no definition for â€Å"high-African culture† or â€Å"low-African† bringing forth a new wave of artistic forms of arts and literature, thus the rise of modernism; and in particular, music, which gave birth to blues and jazz (â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†). Harlem Music Blues Blues and Jazz are two types of music that have developed in the Harlem Renaissance period. Blues, as its name implies represents music that evokes sadness, especially that inflicted by difficulties in life and love. Blues is said to have evolved from the usual African hollers and by itself, could provide the listener with an insight of the history of African Americans from being communized to the emergence of individuation. Individualized or solo songs had never been usual in the African culture and the uniqueness of the characteristics of blues represents the then changing status of African-Americans: their freedom (McElrath, J. ). In blues, the individual is emphasized making this type of music a form that can be called â€Å"personalized. † Still, even though blues can be said to be far from the typical African music, some elements of the cultural type are still present in this new form. This is what characterizes blues as African and what gives this musical form a sort of â€Å"nationality†. The â€Å"call-and-response† characteristic of the African hollers for example are still present in blues, although has been somehow reinvented to fit in the characteristics of blues. In blues, responses are made not by another participant or some other external force but by the performer herself (McElrath, J. ). To reinstate, the characteristics of blues are a representation of the new African who is more self-assured and individualized. Blues singers are usually accompanied by guitars or harmonicas (â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†). Blues started as â€Å"folk blues† sung at leisure, medicine shows and touring carnivals. It became â€Å"classic blues† as it was given professional quality by African vaudeville singers who corresponded with the folk singers. With the African-American migration to the North in early 20th century, is the blues music (Hutchinson,G. ). Blues music first came to New Orleans. With the inter-state migration of different musicians, the Blues music was scattered and was able to come to Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Chicago, Detroit and then New York where different Blues musicians started to unite and popularize the style as they perform in different clubs, theaters and dance halls (McElrath, J. ). Again, as blues became a representation of the African’s new-found freedom not only from slavery and prejudices but also from the dogmatic imposition by institutions such as churches, the popularization of the music did not become difficult. It was easily appreciated especially by those with African descent who were craving for entertainment, thus, the start of theaters and other entertainment halls (McElrath, J. ). It was in 1920 when the music became popular with Mamie Smith’s â€Å"Crazy Blues† and â€Å"It’s Right Here For You. † Blues music was at first marketed only to the African community but as music companies decided to exploit the opportunity to enter the new market, other artists like Bessie Smite, Ma Rainie, Alberta Hunter and Ethel Waters sprang up and became popular blues performers (McElrath, J. ). As blues music continued to evolve, it gave rise to a new type of music which is now popularly known as jazz music. Jazz Jazz is considered as the characterizing music of the Harlem Renaissance. This type of music may appear to be simple for untrained ears but actually involves unknown technicalities that continue to become part of the present American culture (Schuller, S. ). Jazz works based on the theory that any chord progression could be played using infinite amount of melodies. It involves talent and improvisation by both the singer and the instrumentalist, with the singer doing repeated chord progressions and the instrumentalist doing variations of vocal styles and tonal effects. The result is the collaboration of two improvisations in a single music (Schuller, S. ). As said earlier, blues contributed to the development of jazz. It can be noticed that blues themes and forms are incorporated into jazz music. This gives jazz music an African character. What characterizes jazz as a truly unique type of music, even from blues, is the flexibility in which it can be played. There are no rules in rhythm that must be followed allowing the each individual performer to become flexible and free in creating his or her own rhythm. The most common instruments used by jazz performers are piano, drums, strings and bass. The use of saxophones in jazz is usually connected to an evolutionary product of jazz called the Chicago style (Schuller, S. ). The Chicago style of jazz came about as a result of the migration of jazz artists to Chicago. This type of jazz is known for its soloist performances, relatively more complex and more difficult rhythms. Like the Blues music, the inter-state migration of artists contributed to the spreading of jazz music and its coming to New York made it a huge part of Harlem Renaissance (Morgan, T. and Barlow, W. ). A lot of jazz experimentation happened in New York. These experimentations contributed significantly to the current richness of jazz. The famous piano style, â€Å"jazz stride† was the first piano style to be incorporated into jazz and was very popular in New York. The jazz artist, Fatts Waller is famous for this style. He was also the artist who started the jazz technique, Boogie-Woogie which can be characterized as a combination of different rythms and techniques with a peculiar and repeating bass pattern. Boogie-Woogie later became what is now called Rhythm and Blues (Morgan, T. and Barlow, W. ). James Reese Europe initiated another style of jazz during the era which involved huge orchestras while jazz bands were first put together by Fletcher Henderson. Included in Henderson’s jazz band were Coleman Hawkins, Don Redman and Louis Armstrong. Blues artists often work with jazz bands and individual jazz artists (Morgan, T. and Barlow, W. ; Schuller, S. ). Harlem Renaissance Musicians Louis Armstrong was famous for his technical and yet spontaneous abilities to play jazz. He is considered as among the greatest and influential of all Harlem Renaissance musicians. Unsurprisingly, Armstrong came from New Orleans which is one of the major places that contributed to the development of Harlem Renaissance music. He learned to play cornet while at a reform school when he was twelve and showed his interest in music by staying in blues and jazz clubs. His major influence was Joe â€Å"King† Oliver who became his father figure and mentor. Armstrong soon played for Oliver’s band in Chicago then left for New York to play for Fletcher Henderson’s Orchestra. He also did lots of recordings with other Jazz and Blues artists like Clarence Williams, Red Onion Jazz, Carrol Dickenson and his wife, Lilian (â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†). Duke Ellington is another musical figure in the Harlem Renaissance. He was a composer and pianist and is considered to have brought jazz into concert halls as well as in churches. His style of music can be described as a combination of blues, jazz and swing constructed in solo instrumental performances. He was in New York City during the presented Harlem Renaissance period in 1923. At this time he was able to organize a 10-piece band (â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†). Dizzy Gillespie, was a trumpeter who was able to develop â€Å"Be-bop,† with other famous artists like Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk and Kenny Clarke. â€Å"Be-bop† was considered as the rebellious and eccentric style of jazz. Gillespie also incorporated Latin and Cuban elements such as calypso, rhumba and tango with jazz. In addition to his contributions to music, Gillespie was also a supporter of equal rights movement (â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†). Other artists during the Harlem Renaissance include Josephine Baker; Bessie Smith, Billie Holiday, and Charlie Parker, among others. Harlem Renaissance was a point in history when African-Americans united to prove the error in stereotyping in terms of intellect and productivity. The developments in music, particularly in Blues and Jazz are certain products of this movement and have given justice to the movement’s objective proving that African-Americans can not only be superior but also developers and re-inventors of what was then just cultural and now all cultural, sensational and global. Works Cited Charters S. and Kundstadt L. , â€Å"Jazz: A History of the New York Scene†, New York: Da Capo, 1981. â€Å"Harlem Renaissance,† University of Texas. 2006. 09 Dec 2006 â€Å"Harlem Renaissance. † Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 2006. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 9 Dec 2006 . Hutchinson,G. , â€Å"The Harlem Renaisance in Black and White,† New York: Belknap Press, 1997 McElrath, J. , â€Å"The History of Blues Music. † About: African-American History. 2006. About, Inc. 9 Dec. 2006 < http://afroamhistory. about. com/od/bluesmusic/a/bluesmusic. htm>. Morgan, T. and Barlow, W. , â€Å"From Cakewalks to Concert Halls: An Illustrated History of African American Popular Music, From 1895-1930. Washington DC: Elliot and Clark, 1992. Schuller, S. â€Å"Early Jazz : Its Roots and Musical Development,† New York: Oxford, 1986.